How Visual Aids Can Help When Teaching a Foreign Language.

How visual aids can help when teaching a foreign language. 1 Visual aids provide a practical solution for teachers whose equipment can consist of nothing more than a few books and a classroom. They include black-boards, laptops, charts and posters, pictures, magazines, flash-cards and actual objects or ‘realia’. These teaching aids, and the ways in which they help the teacher are discussed below. Blackboard/whiteboard: In schools throughout the world, this piece of equipment is the chief mainstay for the language teacher. It is essential that it is used properly. Teachers use the board to clarify certain points, and to test pupils understanding of a lesson. They must thoroughly consider what is written on it, as this†¦show more content†¦all forms of nature; objects you might find in a classroom; fruits and vegetables; Asian countries; sporting activities, etc. - You can use the flashcards as cues for substitution in dialogues, e.g. a lexical set of pictures of fruits on the board. Teacher holds up a card and asks students: ‘Do you like bananas? Students answer and continue practicing. The teacher then elicits questions from students using the cards and invites others to respond. The dialogue can be further refined until the flashcards serve as prompts for students working alone. If you or your students want to use flashcards repeatedly over the course of the school year then it is advisable to laminate the cards. They are a wonderful, cheap and easy resource and can be used by children of all ages. Charts and Posters: Charts and posters are additional ways to expose your students to print and word relationships. They can be as simple as a list of things to do, classroom rules, the daily schedule, or a diagram with labels. They can be shop-bought or classroom created. Some examples are colour words, number words, a food pyramid chart, parts of a body, things found in a supermarket, and types of letters and notes, with salutations and closings. Since all diagrams cannot be drawn, they need to be made on charts. Different colours should be used to bring in variety, decoration and effect. Charts are very useful for presenting and practicing structures,Show MoreRelatedUsing Visual Thinking for Effective Teaching and Learning Essay749 Words   |  3 PagesVisual thinking engages the use of visual aids to deliver educational content more effectively. Using even simple visuals is a great way to illustrate the major topics that will be taught. Just hearing information is not enough for most learners to retain it, so visual aids help to receive and retain information. Visual aids have the ability to stimulate and maintain the learners’ interest, simplify teaching, accelerate learning and reinforce the material being studied. 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The Rise, Fall And Resurrection Of Iridium A Project...

ECE 6070 - Homework 3 - Individual Portion Shashank Rai (rai.41) Team 1 Reference: Case Study â€Å"The rise, Fall and Resurrection of Iridium: A Project Management Perspective† Problem 1 Read â€Å"The Rise, Fall and Resurrection of Iridium: A Project Management Perspective† case study handed to you in class and address the following points: 1) In â€Å"Lectures 4-9† we talked about the importance of collecting customer needs and defining the scope of the project before starting the design phase. a. What was the scope of the Iridium project and who defined it? The Iridium project was intended to create a worldwide wireless handheld mobile phone system with the ability to communicate in the world at any time. This project was valued very highly by the Motorola executives, they thought this to be the eighth wonder of the world. The scope of the project was defined by the Technical Teams especially Motorola’s Strategic Electronics Division, they were also backed up by the Motorola’s Space and Technology Group and Motorola’s Chairman and executives. b. What was the main reason Motorola wanted to pursue the project? Since Motorola was established in 1928 they were known for their technological innovation and expertise. They were the first company to introduce the world first commercial portable cellular phone in 1983. They started the Iridium project in 1985 to establish and extend the technological knowledge and expertise. They wanted to create a solution to a problem which they thoughtShow MoreRelatedproject management case studies 4th edi1056 Words   |  5 Pagesresearchandmarkets.com/reports/2212819/ Project Management. Case Studies. 4th Edition Description: A new edition of the most popular book of project management case studies, expanded to include more than 100 cases plus a super case on the Iridium Project Case studies are an important part of project management education and training. This Fourth Edition of Harold Kerzners Project Management Case Studies features a number of new cases covering value measurement in project management. Also included is the well-receivedRead MoreManaging Information Technology (7th Edition)239873 Words   |  960 PagesSystems Development Project at Consumer and Industrial Products, Inc. CASE STUDY III-2 A Make-or-Buy Decision at Baxter Manufacturing Company CASE STUDY III-3 ERP Purchase Decision at Benton Manufacturing Company, Inc. CASE STUDY III-4 The Kuali Financial System: An Open-Source Project CASE STUDY III-5 NIBCO’s â€Å"Big Bang†: An SAP Implementation CASE STUDY III-6 BAT Taiwan: Implementing SAP for a Strategic Transition CASE STUDY III-7 A Troubled Project at Modern Materials

Leadership Style and People Management †MyAssignmenthelp.com

Questions: 1.Explain why you might choose one of the leadership styles discussed in this modules learning resources over another style when managing the highlighted project tea? 2.Describe which tools and techniques discussed in there sources you might use as a PM to influence this project team? Answers: 1. The kind of leadership style that must be used for this particular situation is that of the team leadership style. This is because JJ Furnishings are about to undertake many new projects in the upcoming days. So, there is this need that the leaders help in making a clear picture of the future in front of their employees and also help them to follow the necessary steps. They have three very important strategic goals in the upcoming years that need proper guidance and supervision. Under this leadership style, the leaders will make sure that all the employees are working together and a team and are working with all their hearts and minds (Wilson 2018). They want to improve on their CSR, make an up gradation in the existing IT and software systems and focus on the social networking. Lastly, they also want to make sure that they are improving customer needs and employee efficiency. In order to carry on all these new strategies, the leaders (project managers) must guide the employees in all possible aspects. The best way of attaining all these goals is by coming together and working with joined efforts as a team (SHINOY 2018). 2. As a project manager, I would initially like to exercise the expert power, the referent power, and the reward power as well. As the company is about to undertake many new projects in the upcoming years, they will naturally need a lot of new expertise and knowledge. Being a project manager, it is my duty that I help my team members with all the possible knowledge that I have. I will also use the referent power as it will help the employees to be motivated and give in all their efforts. In other words, I will always try to assure the teammates that I will appreciate them in front of the higher authorities that will help in boosting up their appraisals. This will help them to develop their trust in me and thus adhere to my directions and decisions and also to give them their 100% efforts (Edwards et al. 2015). Influence the project team In order to influence the project team, I will be using the expert power, the referent power, and the reward power as well. The punishment power will also be helpful in some of the other cases. I will use my expertise to the maximum possible extent so that my followers can have a complete trust in their leader or their Project Manager (Goleman 2017). For an instance, one of the goals is to in update the software and the IT system and to develop on the social networking as well. So, I will make sure to use my software programming skills in the best way possible and write the codes in a flawless error-free manner. This will help them realize that I am capable of being in charge of the new upcoming projects and that I can really guide them in the right direction whenever necessary. Motivate the team members to work collaboratively In order to motivate the team members to work collaboratively, I will be using the reward power. I will make sure that the employees are being rewarded as per their efforts and their achievements are being properly recognized. This is a good motivation for many of the employees to work properly (Luthans and Doh 2018). However, I will make sure that these rewards are such so that it can be achieved by all. I will also make sure that the employees are being motivated by a proper and good reference as well. I being the project manager will always try to refer the good works and the achievements of the company to the higher authorities (Bolman and Deal 2017). Impact the projects success I will make sure that I have been able to build a strong team spirit among all the team members. I will be using the team leadership style and will be making sure that all the employees are working together as a team so that they can work with all their efforts and make the project a good success. Explain your reasons for selecting these approaches I selected the expert power approach because I need to gain the trust of the teammates so that they can count on me and can follow my directions and my advice in the future days (Perez 2017). I will also use the rewards approach system so that I can really motivate the employees. I realize this fact that the employees give in all their efforts and work so hard in order to make the projects successful. So, their efforts are to be rewarded and recognized. I will also use the referent power to make sure that all the employees are in the good books of the higher authorities. Describe the steps you might take, as project manager, to alleviate challenges faced by your project team before those challenges grow so large that they damage the work environment or the final product. Explain why. I would like to inculcate the transparency among all the employees so that they can openly discuss any and every challenge that they are facing. There must be a friendly and a mutual understand ding between me and all the teammates (Perez 2017). I will also try to develop the trust factor among all the employees. I will also focus on correcting them. I will use the punishment power so that I can praise them in public and can correct them in private. I will never take the undue usage of my power and position. References Bolman, L.G. and Deal, T.E., 2017.Reframing organizations: Artistry, choice, and leadership. John Wiley Sons. Edwards, G., Schedlitzki, D., Turnbull, S. and Gill, R., 2015. Exploring power assumptions in theleadership and management debate.Leadership Organization Development Journal,36(3), pp.328-343. Goleman, D., 2017.Leadership That Gets Results (Harvard Business Review Classics). Harvard Business Press. Luthans, F. and Doh, J.P., 2018.International Management: Culture, strategy, and behavior. McGraw-Hill. Perez, J.R., 2017. Leadership, Power, Culture, and Ethics in the Transcultural Context.The Journal of Applied Business and Economics,19(8), pp.63-68. SHINOY, S. 2018.5 Types of Power You Can Use As a Project Manager! -. [ebook] pp.1-3. Available at: https://file:///C:/Users/user/Documents/690435%201.pdf [Accessed 10 Mar. 2018]. Wilson, F.M., 2018.Organizational behavior and work: a critical introduction. Oxford University Press.

The cheese production technology free essay sample

Krasnoyarsk State Agrarian University Foreign Language Chair Work paper The cheese production engineering Fulfilled by pupil: Istratova.D.S Group T-23 Checked by: Golovushina Y.A Krasnoyarsk 2010 Content: 1. Introduction: the feature of cheese and short categorization 2. Secrets of industry of cheese 3. The first measure in # 1089 ; # 1099 ; # 1088 ; # 1086 ; # 1074 ; # 1072 ; # 1088 ; # 1077 ; # 1085 ; # 1080 ; # 1080 ; 3.1 Preparation of milk 3.2 # 1057 ; urdling 4. Cheese response 4.1 Cheese takes the signifier 4.2 Salt for the assistance to utile microflora and gustatory sensation 5. Cheese maturating 6. Decision Introduction # 8211 ; the feature of object of research and short categorization. Cheese # 8211 ; one of the most alimentary and high-calorie grocery. His nutritionary value is caused by high concentration of fibre and fat, presence of unreplaceable amino acids, vitamins, salts of Ca and the P necessary for normal development of a human organic structure. Cheese is utile to people of any age and particularly for kids. In cheese contains from 18 to 25 % of fibre, and his considerable portion is in the soluble signifier, therefore is good acquired by an being. We will write a custom essay sample on The cheese production technology or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page In solid of many sorts of cheeses 45-55 % of fat, from 1,5 to 3,5 % of mineral salts contain. Caloric content of cheese fluctuates from 2500 to 4500 Calories. The care of vitamins in mature cheeses ( in 100 # 1075 ; cheese ) makes mkg: vitamin A # 8211 ; 600-1300, # 1042 ; 1 # 8211 ; 40-80, # 1042 ; 2 # 8211 ; 300-900, # 1056 ; # 1056 ; # 8211 ; 20-40. 2. Secrets of industry of cheese Ancient Roman agriculturist Lutsy Kolumella named laminitiss of cheese prestidigitators and aces. Remarkable transmutations which occur at cheese readying. # 1057 ; # 1099 ; # 1088 ; # 1086 ; # 1076 ; # 1077 ; # 1083 ; # 1091 ; it is non necessary to take natural stuffs from which to do cheese, he uses merely one sort of natural stuffs milk, and receives 10s sorts of the cheese, differing both gustatory sensation and a consistency and drawing. The individual, is a batch of centuries back casually found out in a tummy of the killed calf the curtailed milk, for the first clip has touched secrets # 1089 ; # 1099 ; # 1088 ; # 1086 ; # 1076 ; # 1077 ; # 1083 ; # 1080 ; # 1103 ; . Subsequently it was found out that one of four sections of a tummy of a calf or a lamb allocates abomasum enzyme which curtails milk, decomposes fibres. This natural phenomenon, every bit good as others, people have placed of themselves in the service. Now from # 1089 ; # 1099 ; # 1095 ; # 1091 ; # 1075 ; # 1086 ; # 1074 ; fix a readying named rennet enzyme. Long clip was considered that debut rennet enzyme in milk is chief, if non the alone ground of his transmutation into qualitatively new merchandise. And merely after the individual has learnt a microcosm, the miracle function in creative activity of cheese of specific species of micro-organisms lactic bacterium has been revealed. Opinion of scientists converge that these bacteriums and their enzymes act upon the chief thing on procedure of industry of cheese enduring many yearss. And at the same clip to research workers all new parties influence rennet enzyme unfastened, the function of enzymes of the milk, their actions interconnected with lactic bacteriums comes to visible radiation. 3. The first measure in cheese cookery 3.1 Preparation of milk On # 1089 ; # 1099 ; # 1088 ; # 1086 ; # 1076 ; # 1077 ; # 1083 ; # 1100 ; # 1085 ; # 1086 ; # 1084 ; mill the armored combat vehicle with an lettering Milk which has merely arrived, foremost of all is met by the laboratorian, he selects trials of milk for definition of his gustatory sensation and a odor, a consistency, temperatures, sournesss, cleanliness, fat contents etc. Periodically on # 1089 ; # 1099 ; # 1088 ; # 1086 ; # 1076 ; # 1077 ; # 1083 ; # 1100 ; # 1085 ; # 1086 ; # 1084 ; mill define as grade of bacterial security of milk, construction of microflora being in her, his ability to be curtailed # 1089 ; # 1099 ; # 1095 ; # 1091 ; # 1078 ; # 1085 ; # 1099 ; # 1084 ; enzyme. Happens so from milk, seemingly, normal on basic indexs, difficultly, and sometimes non likely to develop good cheese if in him many harmful micro-organisms or it is severely curtailed # 1089 ; # 1099 ; # 1095 ; # 1091 ; # 1078 ; # 1085 ; # 1099 ; # 1084 ; by enzyme. For development of standard cheese on a chemical compound, milk normalise under the fat care, preliminary holding assorted from 15-20 % of mature milk for betterment of quality of cheese. Maturing of a portion of milk spend at temperature 8-17 C, before acidity addition on 1 T. Zatem milk pasteurise at temperature 71-74 C with endurance 20-25 # 1057 ; , and cool to temperature # 1079 ; # 1072 ; # 1082 ; # 1074 ; # 1072 ; # 1096 ; # 1080 ; # 1074 ; # 1072 ; # 1085 ; # 1080 ; # 1103 ; . It creates conditions for the farther normal ability to populate of utile microflora lactic bacteriums. # 171 ; Cheese-it the matured milk # 187 ; was written in 1937 # 1075 ; # 1086 ; # 1076 ; # 1091 ; by Englishman Edward Bjunard. The writer in this instance supposes certain poetic license, and is more exact, cheese is formed of dense atoms which appear in milk in procedure of his maturing. This maturating fast to what velocity from which fresh milk turns rancid testifies. # 1057 ; # 1099 ; # 1088 ; # 1086 ; # 1074 ; # 1072 ; # 1088 ; # 1077 ; # 1085 ; # 1080 ; # 1077 ; is a manner of monitoring and alteration of procedure for the intent of response of the merchandise capable to maturating alternatively of simple decomposition. 3.2 Stvorazhivanie In # 1089 ; # 1099 ; # 1088 ; # 1086 ; # 1076 ; # 1077 ; # 1083 ; # 1100 ; # 1085 ; # 1091 ; # 1102 ; a bath filled with milk bring agitation is a pleasant drink, reasonably heavy, with pure sour-milk gustatory sensation and the olfactory property, reminding the rancid pick, filled with lactic bacteriums. In agitation the measure of lactic bacteriums reaches 100s 1000000s in one milliliter. Having got to the favourable environment ( warm milk ) , bacteria get down the chief procedure # 1089 ; # 1099 ; # 1088 ; # 1086 ; # 1076 ; # 1077 ; # 1083 ; # 1100 ; # 1085 ; # 1086 ; # 1075 ; # 1086 ; manufactures lactic agitation. Following phase is come ining into milk # 1089 ; # 1099 ; # 1095 ; # 1091 ; # 1078 ; # 1085 ; # 1086 ; # 1075 ; # 1086 ; enzyme. In # 1089 ; # 1099 ; # 1088 ; # 1086 ; # 1076 ; # 1077 ; # 1083 ; # 1100 ; # 1085 ; # 1086 ; # 1081 ; to a bath of 5 dozenss of milk, and conveying merely nearby 100 gm # 1089 ; # 1099 ; # 1095 ; # 1091 ; # 1078 ; # 1085 ; # 1086 ; # 1075 ; # 1086 ; enzyme in a solution. One portion of enzyme on 50000 parts of milk, through 5-10 # 1084 ; # 1080 ; # 1085 ; # 1091 ; # 1090 ; all milk starts to acquire thick rapidly. Besides the soft coagulum bit by bit condensed is shortly formed. It occurs division of milk into soft pieces of bungalow cheese and liquid whey. If about through 30-40 # 1084 ; # 1080 ; # 1085 ; # 1091 ; # 1090 ; to come in into him # 1096 ; # 1087 ; # 1072 ; # 1090 ; # 1077 ; # 1083 ; # 1100 ; ( a particular metal home base ) , he in this topographic point as though interruptions up, baring equal # 1092 ; # 1072 ; # 1088 ; # 1092 ; # 1086 ; # 1088 ; # 1086 ; # 1074 ; # 1080 ; # 1076 ; # 1085 ; # 1099 ; # 1077 ; borders and crystalline greenish whey which consists of assorted proteins, sugar, minerals and H2O. Better to state, # 1089 ; # 1090 ; # 1074 ; # 1086 ; # 1088 ; # 1072 ; # 1078 ; # 1080 ; # 1074 ; # 1072 ; # 1085 ; # 1080 ; # 1077 ; is a procedure at which there is a reproduction of certain bacteriums present at rough milk ; these are the alleged lactic bacteriums capable without aid to distill casein ( the chief dairy fibre ) . But at milk pasteurization ( fast warming to 70 # 1057 ; ) are killed non merely harmful bacteriums, but besides utile. To assist procedure à ±Ãƒ »Ãƒ °Ãƒ ®Ãƒ ®Ãƒ ¡Ãƒ °Ãƒ  Ãƒ §Ãƒ ®Ãƒ ¢Ãƒ  Ãƒ ­Ãƒ ¨Ãƒ ¿ , one more constituent is added. It is the sychug-extract received from a tummy of dairy calfs and applied in a sort à ¿Ãƒ ­Ãƒ ²Ãƒ  Ãƒ °Ãƒ ­Ãƒ ® of the painted liquid or in the dehydrated signifier ( a pulverization or tablets ) . Besides acceleration of procedure of subdivision of bungalow cheese weight from whey, à ±Ãƒ »Ãƒ ·Ãƒ ³Ãƒ £ does casein indissoluble that promotes response of firmer curdled weight. 4. Cheese response So, # 1089 ; # 1099 ; # 1095 ; # 1091 ; # 1078 ; # 1085 ; # 1099 ; # 1081 ; enzyme has begun the work. The standard coagulum split up, and alleged cheese grain-albuminous of a atom in the size 3-6 # 1084 ; # 1084 ; is formed. Cheese grain swimming in whey heat up, it is really responsible operation as her purpose to make conditions for development of certain species of micro-organisms. The warming temperature lies and at the bosom of industrial categorization of cheeses. Features of development of big cheeses is application of high temperature of warming ( 54-58 # 1057 ; ) . 4.1 Cheese takes the signifier Weight separate from whey, a method of her premiss in the particular porous container. Submit in # 1089 ; # 1099 ; # 1088 ; # 1086 ; # 1080 ; # 1079 ; # 1075 ; # 1086 ; # 1090 ; # 1086 ; # 1074 ; # 1080 ; # 1090 ; # 1077 ; # 1083 ; # 1100 ; , and from him on the grapevine cheese grain arrives in # 1073 ; # 1099 ; # 1089 ; # 1090 ; # 1088 ; # 1086 ; # 1074 ; # 1088 ; # 1072 ; # 1097 ; # 1072 ; # 1102 ; # 1097 ; # 1080 ; # 1081 ; # 1089 ; # 1103 ; the device which submits it to signifiers. The 2nd manner: the condensed cheese weight cut pieces ( from a thickness of the cut pieces the cheese evaluation is defined ) and topographic point in signifiers which depending on a cheese sort can be the cylinder ( high little diameter or low # 1073 ; # 1086 ; # 1083 ; # 1100 ; # 1096 ; # 1077 ; # 1075 ; # 1086 ; diameter ) # 1080 ; . # 1090 ; . # 1076 ; . During pressing procedure of consolidation returns and the remained whey foliages. But non everything, humidness of cheese weight should be optimal. The crisp divergence from the established wet content ( even 2-3 % ) can take to alter of a class of biochemical procedures, and cheese will be non typical, and his quality will decline. To pressing on # 1089 ; # 1099 ; # 1088 ; # 1086 ; # 1076 ; # 1077 ; # 1083 ; # 1100 ; # 1085 ; # 1099 ; # 1093 ; mills are applied pneumatic the imperativeness, working under the influence of tight air. In a imperativeness topographic point some 10s cylinders or cheese whetstones. Passes 12-18 hours when big cheeses and this procedure are pressed comes to an terminal. Cheese gets the signifier which he has in a ready sort, a smooth and equal surface. However it yet cheese true his color white, gustatory sensation empty, weight unsmooth # 1088 ; # 1077 ; # 1079 ; # 1080 ; # 1085 ; # 1080 ; # 1089 ; # 1090 ; # 1072 ; # 1103 ; . But already at this clip in him the new stage of transmutations transmutation of cheese weight to cheese Begins. 4.2 Salt the aid to utile microflora and gustatory sensation Cheese leaves pressing subdivision with the original prosodies: in his surface # 1074 ; # 1087 ; # 1088 ; # 1077 ; # 1089 ; # 1089 ; # 1086 ; # 1074 ; # 1072 ; # 1085 ; # 1099 ; the figures demoing twenty-four hours of his birth, i.e. day of the month of development and her figure. As about each grocery, cheese salt. For this intent at modern mills him stack on regiments of particular containers which by agencies of mechanisms omit in # 1089 ; # 1086 ; # 1083 ; # 1080 ; # 1083 ; # 1100 ; # 1085 ; # 1099 ; # 1077 ; pools. In # 1089 ; # 1086 ; # 1083 ; # 1080 ; # 1083 ; # 1100 ; # 1085 ; # 1086 ; # 1084 ; branch some Numberss of concrete pools in which the seawater of certain concentration and temperature circulates. Cheese is in him some yearss, therefore his gustatory sensation becomes non merely more aggressively, but besides more amply, the consistency improves. The salt solution positively operates on microbiological procedures they continue to develop in the necessary way, the harmful microflora which has got to cheese weight choking coils. Salt really easy gets into thickness of cheese, and merely in some yearss after him will take out from pool, salt will make the caput Centre, being in regular intervals distributed on all weight. At some mills salt non cheeses, and cheese grain that allows to make without # 1089 ; # 1086 ; # 1083 ; # 1080 ; # 1083 ; # 1100 ; # 1085 ; # 1099 ; # 1093 ; premises. Thus, # 1087 ; # 1086 ; # 1089 ; # 1086 ; # 1083 ; # 1082 ; # 1072 ; , anyhow, promotes procedure of maturing of cheese, creative activity of his flavorer corsage. Soon after # 1087 ; # 1086 ; # 1089 ; # 1086 ; # 1083 ; # 1082 ; # 1080 ; cheese arrives in # 1089 ; # 1099 ; # 1088 ; # 1086 ; # 1093 ; # 1088 ; # 1072 ; # 1085 ; # 1080 ; # 1083 ; # 1080 ; # 1097 ; # 1077 ; , here him for long clip go forth entirely. 5. Cheese maturating C # 1099 ; # 1088 ; # 1086 ; # 1093 ; # 1088 ; # 1072 ; # 1085 ; # 1080 ; # 1083 ; # 1080 ; # 1097 ; # 1077 ; where cheese an interior sanctum # 1089 ; # 1099 ; # 1088 ; # 1086 ; # 1076 ; # 1077 ; # 1083 ; # 1100 ; # 1085 ; # 1086 ; # 1075 ; # 1086 ; mill ripens. Here there are Chamberss refrigerating and warm. In them caputs accurately laid on regiments, cylinders, cheese whetstones. On racks thermometers and # 1087 ; # 1089 ; # 1080 ; # 1093 ; # 1088 ; # 1086 ; # 1084 ; # 1077 ; # 1090 ; # 1088 ; # 1099 ; , air temperature is supported to within 1-2 # 1057 ; , humidness to 2-3 % . In Chamberss # 1089 ; # 1099 ; # 1088 ; # 1086 ; # 1093 ; # 1088 ; # 1072 ; # 1085 ; # 1080 ; # 1083 ; # 1080 ; # 1097 ; # 1072 ; under action # 1089 ; # 1099 ; # 1095 ; # 1091 ; # 1078 ; # 1085 ; # 1086 ; # 1075 ; # 1086 ; enzyme and microflora enzymes returns and practically procedure of maturing of cheese which has begun still in # 1089 ; # 1099 ; # 1088 ; # 1086 ; # 1076 ; # 1077 ; # 1083 ; # 1100 ; # 1085 ; # 1086 ; # 1081 ; to a bath comes to the terminal. Fictional character of maturating is about indistinguishable, but for each sort of cheese he has the characteristics which define, in peculiar, and continuance of this procedure. Firm # 1089 ; # 1099 ; # 1095 ; # 1091 ; # 1078 ; # 1085 ; # 1099 ; # 1077 ; cheeses, for illustration Swiss, Soviet, Kostroma etc. , mature till 180 yearss. The ground, of class, non in different volume and weight of these sorts of cheese, and in the same micro-organism. Some months while cheese is on regiments, do non discontinue to care of him. Cheese sporadically overturn, that his signifier was non broke, the crust was better, salt was in regular intervals distributed ; wash, when will happen out on him a mold ; sometimes transfer to other subdivision of depot, where other temperature conditions. Cheese maturing is a procedure during which clip cheese gets the xanthous coloring material particular, characteristic gustatory sensation for his each sort, more or less soft consistency and alleged pulling eyes of unit of ammunition, ellipse or other signifier, a cheese crust becomes heavy and at the same clip elastic. For illustration, in Swiss cheese the volume of emptiness can make to 20 % of all volume. And some cheeses cover with a paraffin mix, it means that the terminal of his maturing at mill attacks. Here cheese is ready. Him battalion into boxes and direct on base or in the icebox where shop at temperature 2-6 # 1057 ; and humidness of air of 85-87 % . From here he arrives in stores. 6. The decision Cheese is # 1074 ; # 1099 ; # 1089 ; # 1086 ; # 1082 ; # 1086 ; # 1094 ; # 1077 ; # 1085 ; # 1085 ; # 1099 ; # 1084 ; the grocery incorporating a considerable measure # 1083 ; # 1077 ; # 1075 ; # 1082 ; # 1086 ; # 1091 ; # 1089 ; # 1074 ; # 1086 ; # 1103 ; # 1077 ; # 1084 ; # 1099 ; # 1093 ; of high-grade fibres, dairy fat, assorted salts and vitamins. For each sort of cheese the technological characteristics which eventually and define specificity of a ready merchandise are curious. The microflora applied at development and maturing of cheeses, defines a sort and outstanding characteristics of soft cheeses, causes a way microbiological, biochemical ( # 1092 ; # 1077 ; # 1088 ; # 1084 ; # 1077 ; # 1085 ; # 1090 ; # 1072 ; # 1090 ; # 1080 ; # 1074 ; # 1085 ; # 1099 ; # 1093 ; ) the procedures continuing in milk, cheese weight, influences instruction of gustatory sensation and olfactory property of cheese, his physical and chemical construction. The literature 1. Brilevsky O.A.Tovarovedenie of articles of nutrient. 2. V.A.Kniga s smugglers about cheese. Food-processing industry of 1974

The Murder of Helen Jewett essays

The Murder of Helen Jewett essays In 1836, the murder of a young prostitute made headlines in New York and around the country. The story was laced with details of sex, death, and sensationalism, everything that captures the publics interest. The Murder of Helen Jewett, written by Patricia Cline Cohen, discusses Cohens uncovering of the information that allows her to reconstruct the whole story. Beginning as a servant in Maine, over the years Helen Jewett assumed four different identities. Being a prostitute in a large city like New York required Helen to do something extra to attract a clientele. As a result she would make up stories about her life that captivated men, as well as wrote sultry letters to her clients. However, she eventually met a man, Richard Robinson, who would hold the key to her heart, and possibly to her death. Robinson was one of many young men who flocked to New York, in his case from Connecticut, to fill the many positions of clerk. Robinson was described as being arrogant and intense. Helen Jewett and him became lovers in a ten-month affair that ended with Robinson being arrested for Jewetts murder. In the end, Robinson was acquitted to the excitement and joy of fellow clerks and other spectators. Since there was never a conviction for murder the case continued to captivate the public for years. Robinson eventually disappeared from New York, making his way to Texas. In Texas, under a new name, Robinson started a new life. In the book, Patricia Cline Cohen, using meticulous research, traces his life there, and takes into account the remaining mystery of the murder. This book is appealing to todays audience because it deals with attributes, such as sex, betrayal, and intrigue that are timeless, and that any generation can relate too. ...

6 High-Paying Business Management Jobs

6 High-Paying Business Management Jobs Pay disparities are not uncommon in the business world. Bosses tend to make more than their employees. Most managers are the highest paid employees in the company. But there are some management jobs that will net you more money than others. Here are six management positions that typically come with high salaries. Computer and Information Systems Manager Computer and information systems managers supervise computer-related activities in an organization. Common job titles include Chief Information Officer (CIO), Chief Technology Officer (CTO), IT Director, or IT Manager. Specific duties often vary by job title, organization size, and other factors, but commonly include analyzing technology needs, planning and installing computer and information systems, overseeing system security, and supervising other IT professionals. The US Bureau of Labor Statistics reports the median annual wage for computer and information systems managers as $120,950, with the top 10 percent earning more than $187,200. A bachelor’s degree in computer or information science, as well as 5-10 years of work experience, is usually the minimum requirement for computer and information systems managers. However, many managers in this field have a masters degree and 10 years of work experience. Read more about earning a  management information systems degree. Marketing Manager Marketing managers oversee the marketing efforts of an organization. They work with sales, public relations, and other marketing and advertising professionals to estimate demand, identify target markets, develop pricing strategies, and maximize profits. The US Bureau of Labor Statistics reports the median annual wage for marketing managers as $119,480, with the top 10 percent earning more than $187,200. Most marketing managers have at least a bachelors degree in marketing, but masters degrees are not uncommon in this field. Read more about earning a marketing degree. Financial Manager Financial managers are dedicated to monitoring and improving the financial health of an organization. Common job titles include Controller, Finance Officer, Credit Manager, Cash Manager, and Risk Manager. Most financial managers work on a team and act as an advisor to other executives. They may be responsible for reviewing reports, monitoring finances, preparing financial statements, analyzing market trends, and developing budgets. The US Bureau of Labor Statistics reports the median annual wage for financial managers as $109,740, with the top 10 percent earning more than $187,200. A bachelors degree in business or finance plus five years of finance-related experience is usually the minimum requirement for financial managers. Many managers have a masters degree, professional certification, and 5 years of experience in related financial occupations, such as an accountant, auditor, financial analyst, or loan officer. Read more about earning a finance degree. Sales Manager Sales managers oversee the sales team for an organization. Although the level of duties can vary by organization, most sales managers focus their time on researching and assigning sales territories, establishing sales targets, training members of the sales team, determining budgets and pricing plans, and coordinating other sales operations. The US Bureau of Labor Statistics reports the median annual wage for sales managers as $105,260, with the top 10 percent earning more than $187,200. Sales managers typically need a bachelors degree in sales or business in addition to several years of experience as a sales representative. Some sales managers have a masters degree. Read more about earning a  sales management degree. Human Resources Manager Human resources managers have many responsibilities, but their primary duty is to act as a link between an organization’s managers and its employees. In large organizations, human resources managers often specialize in a specific area, such as recruiting, staffing, training, and development, labor relations, payroll, or compensation and benefits. The US Bureau of Labor Statistics reports the median annual wage for human resources managers as $99,720, with the top 10 percent earned more than $173,140. A bachelors degree in human resources or a related field is the minimum educational requirement. However, many human resources managers have a masters degree as well as several years of related work experience. Read more about earning a human resources degree. Health Services Manager Also known as healthcare executives, health care administrators, or healthcare managers, health services managers oversee the operations of medical facilities, clinics, or departments. Duties can include supervising employees, creating schedules, organizing records, ensuring compliance with regulations and laws, budget management, and record management. The US Bureau of Labor Statistics reports the median annual wage for health services managers as $88,580, with the top 10 percent earning more than $150,560. Health services managers need at least a bachelor’s degree in health services, healthcare management, long-term care administration, public health or public administration, but masters degrees in these fields or business administration are not uncommon. Read more about earning a healthcare management degree.

Assessment 1---accounting for decision making Essay

Assessment 1---accounting for decision making - Essay Example This indicates that the assets used by the company to generate profits increased relatively more than the income generated from those assets. As a result, ROA of the company declined from 2008 to 2010. d) Yes, the company should worry about the decreasing trend in its quick ratio. This indicates that the company does not have ample liquid assets to repay its short term obligations. The creditors would become reluctant to sell goods on credit if the company does not improve its quick ratio. f) The company has a low sale turnover ratio which indicates that the assets are not being fully utilized to generate revenue and there is too much investment in unproductive assets. Furthermore, the company has a very low debt to assets ratio which indicates that the company is not utilizing the opportunity to use debt as a means of growing its business. Company should dispose of the unproductive assets and use the cashflow generated for paying of its short term debts and improve its liquidity. Moreover, the company should make use of long term debt for the growth of the

Strategic Human Resource Management Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 3000 words

Strategic Human Resource Management - Assignment Example The coverage of HRM also extends to a comprehensive approach to the workplace environment and culture, towards enabling the staff of the organization – participate actively and productively, in the overall direction of the organisation and the pursuit towards its goals and objectives. HRM has been shifting from the traditional administrative, personnel and transactional roles, which are often outsourced. The real purpose of HRM in today’s business world is to add value to strategic utilization of staffs, and that staff programs impact on the outcomes of the organization in measurable ways (Nkomo, Fottler & McAfee, 2010, p. 52). This leads to HRM metrics and measurements as well as strategic direction – towards demonstrating value addition. Strategic HRM as housed under the HRM function is designed to aid organizations – to best manage the needs of their employees, while promoting the goals of the company. It focuses around the proactive management of staff s. It involves envisioning and planning ways to meet the needs of the employees effectively – so that they can work towards meeting the needs of the organization in an effective manner. ... In the early 1980s, American Business School professionals published different articles and books in support of HRM concepts and the volatility of the business environment – which present heterogeneity and conflicts (Soderlund & Bredin, 2006, p. 249-251). Due to its many influences and the diverse origins, HRM encompasses central characteristics of importance to organizations: practice, individual, educational theory, industrial relations, practice, social and organizational psychology, and organizational theory (Soderlund & Bredin, 2006, p. 242-265). Till today, there is not any universally accepted definition of HRM and what it covers in every-day business. However, satisfactory definitions define the field as 1) a management responsibility that focuses on managerial functions 2) management philosophy that emphasizes on people treatment and 3) managing the interactions between an organization and its employees (Soderlund & Bredin, 2006). Due to the conflict in the theoretica l notion and the hypothetical discrepancy about the definition, the Mathis and Jackson (2011) defintion will be used for this review – as it better explains and covers major areas of the study. According to Mathis and Jackson (2011), it is the philosophy of managing staff resources, based on the understanding that human resources are vital towards the sustenance of business success. An organization creates competive advantage through using its human resources effectively – drawing on their ingenuity and expertise to meet organizational goals and objectives. The funtion of HRM is focused around the recruitment of flexible, capable and devoted

The Travesty of the Holocaust Essay Example for Free

The Travesty of the Holocaust Essay Since the inception of history, man has sought and ostracized that which is unfamiliar. Ignorance is the root of the beginning of evil and so it was with the Holocaust. I will say the Holocaust as atrocious as it is, is not the first genocide nor has it been the last. The world still watches on, as though human beings are but fodder, as people continue to be executed for not belonging to a particular tribe. It is of Africa, I speak genocide continues into even this our modern age. I also cannot help but think of the Native Americans, on a continent where thousands of nations once thrived. Now there are but a scant handful. Many nations passed from this earth to extinction. Holocaust, genocide terrible, monstrous evil brought into the world. The problem is crushing such evil. The Talmud teaches that, to do nothing in the face of evil, that person is as surely guilty as the assailants. The blood of many is on all of our hands. Christian Theology and Anti-Judaism Since the inception of Christianity there has been friction between Judaism and Christianity. These issues were addressed in the New Testament beginning with Acts and continuing with the letters of Paul. The basic issues were whether Jesus was the Son of God and whether Christians had to follow Judaic law. The first problem created a definite chasm between Jews and Christians. Christians accepting the deity of Christ. While Jews rejected this. The second question regarding Judaic law was ultimately rejected by the Christian church. And the two faiths parted ways. Shakespeare portrayed Jews as misers, in the Merchant of Venice. So the conflict between Jews and Christians has a long history. In some way perhaps, the Holocaust was the culmination of this hatred. But somehow, I do not think so. Humans have a tendency to turn from helping others different from themselves. I think one of the saddest parts of the Holocaust is the denial of common, ordinary Germans who knew, who had to know of the atrocities around them and did nothing. The insanity of Hitler is one thing. But for ordinary people to allow such atrocities, I cannot understand. Americans are just as guilty word of the camps was known in the beginning and America chose to do nothing. I am reminded of a quote from Elise Wiesel: It happened yesterday, eternities ago, a young Jewish boy discovered the kingdome of the night. I remembered his bewilderment. I remember his anguish. It all happened so fast. The decrees. The deportation. The sealed cattle car. The fiery alter upon which the history of our people and the future of mankind were meant to be sacrificed. I remember: He asked his father. Can this be true? This is the 20th century not the Middle Ages. Who would allow such crimes to be committed? How could the world remain silent? Indeed, how does the world remain silent still? Surely, this is the ultimate sin, the ultimate blasphemous act against God. People see. People hear. People know. And people stand passively by and do nothing. Shoah Of course, Shoah in Hebrew means Holocaust. Fortunately it is also the name of a project began by Steven Speilberg. The Shoah is a remarkable project to help preserve the atrocities of Nazism and the Holocaust. The Shoah project helps to preserve the memories of survivors who are aging. The Shoah Project helps to keep what the Nazis did a hateful crime and not to lessen these survivors memories to mere books. I know that part of the goal is to keep such things from happening again. But this is not the case. People are still executed for the color of their skin, their beliefs. Today, those of Arabic descent are now at the brunt of others who think themselves better or superior. The lessons learned should keep humanity from allowing genocide. Yet, over 200,000 Africans have been executed because they are of a different tribe. Millions more are in refugee camps hoping and waiting to escape the horrors of this war. Little children have been macheted and lost their limbs. The Holocaust should not fade from our memories, ever. Mans capability of terrible horror and to preserve the stories, the message of the Holocaust is preserved. There are those who would want to erase the holocaust from memory, as surely as slavery is still denied. There is no excuse for such behavior, it is left to the educated to keep the memory and to assure that the atrocities of history are not forgotten. Every generation can benefit from the Shoah project. Antisemitism is troublesome, because there are people who have the audacity to claim that the Holocaust never happened. Unfortunately, ignorance is the root of this disease and as sad as it is, ignorance will remain a part of humanity. There is also this strange need, want of humans to think themselves superior. The root of this being that people feel inferior and so must lower another to make themselves feel better. Curable, yes. Likely, no. I do not believe that there is any excuse for antisemitism or Anti-Judaism. The Jewish culture has enriched our lives, even though people often do not appreciate all that Jewish culture has to offer. Unfortunately, there is no reason to ever take another human being regardless of race, religion, or any other reason for granted. Jewish people have contributed greatly to our culture. Yet, their accomplishments are kept quiet out of fear or shame. A recent example, is the newly elected Lieutenant Governor of Virginia. His mother is Jewish and because a persons Jewishness is proven along the line of the mother (because ones mother can be denied). This man hid a great and powerful culture. The Jews are not the only ones guilty of such behavior many other immigrants have done the same, such as those of Irish or Italian descent. Anti-Judaism may well play a part in keeping the Shoah program from being successful. One problem is that the Holocaust was not wholly against the Jews. Others also suffered and died at the hands of the Nazi regime homosexuals, the mentally ill, gypsies, and other races. Russians were also exterminated in Nazi camps. It is these people that may are not recognized or remembered. In no way should the perils of the Jewish experience be downplayed. Yet the Jewish people should also play a role in helping to recall those who were not Jewish and who were also murdered. I think resentment builds when the Holocaust is treated as if those of Judaic descent were the only ones to suffer. Helen Keller once said, The world is full of suffering. If nothing else perhaps the fact that being human is to suffer, may be something that could bring people together instead of separating them. The Nazi Pogrom and Christianity It is unfortunate, but albeit true. Almost the same type of Antisemitism was displayed during the Passion of the Christ. Even the Catholic church in turning a blind eye away from the Jews during the Holocaust, agreed with the premise. Jews portrayed as the murderers of Christ. The irony being if Christ had not been martyred, then Jesus could have hardly been represented as the Son of God or Messiah. Unfortunately this was the connection Germans and many Christians made to justify the holocaust against the Jews. Intellectual theology, I do not believe can make the argument. However, in the era of the 30s and 40s portraying the Jews as Christ killers was an important piece of acceptable propaganda. This theme did crop up again in the 80s when The Temptation of Christ, Martin Scorsces depiction of Christ was brought to the theaters. The Conservative Christian right rallied and so began movements to keep people from seeing the movie. In 2004, Mel Gibsons The Passion of the Christ, would also bring a wave of antisemitism. I believe those who have a tendency toward antisemitism would use these as a further excuse to justify hatred. The Jewish people were portrayed as monstrous. Supposed medical research supported the differences between Jews and a normal human being. This seems to be a standard practice when a race or culture is demonized for extinction. The Indians were portrayed as heathen savages, incapable of living among the white men. Africans were depicted as children that needed to be taken care of and sheltered. Jews are depicted as being selfish, miserly, and somehow less than human. By making the other race or ethnicity sub-human their extermination becomes somehow easier. For if one is not fully human, but beneath humanity then isnt the world better off with the purge of these sub-humans? As Americans, we see this de-humanization process being carried against immigrants. Hispanics are described as parasites somehow taking advantage of the American people. Historically this has been the portrayal of immigrants throughout American history, at least. The Irish, the Chinese, any person considered non-native to the Americas have been portrayed as sub-human and unworthy of settlement in Northern America. Deuteronomy and Jeremiah Throughout the Old Testament God entreats, His people to remember. To remember what it is to be enslaved. What it is to be free. These are the foundations of human nature. To suffer. To remember. To tell the story, lest it be forgotten. The verses from Deuteronomy remind the Jewish people of their once slavery to Egypt and their journey out of slavery. Neither of these experiences were not pleasant, however ultimately it is Gods faithfulness and mercy that prevails through every tribulation. Jeremiah, is a bit more difficult to interpret, unless it is tied to the Kaballah. The Kaballah, entreats people to remember and live up to the best of the person who is gone from this world. In this context, the quote in Jeremiah makes a little more sense, again there is the promise of Adonai, to restore his people to their proper status. Conclusion I am reminded of the quote from Hosea 6. 1,2: Come, let us return to Adonai. He has rent us and he will heal us; he has struck us and he will bind up our wounds. I do not know exactly why this verse brings me great, personal comfort. To me, it does not say to me that Adonai has caused the suffering, but that suffering has happened and that the Lord will restore my or your or our suffering and healing will occur. In being part of this course and participating in the Shoah project I feel as though any loss to humanity is a personal one. All of us are less when people are dehumanized and caused to suffer. I do not believe that the Shoah project is not just a trip to the past. It is far more complicated and deserving of our attention. The world should continue to remember the suffering of a people merely due to belief. it would be far better if such lessons prompted us to right the wrongs in this the 21st century. Our humanity causes us to be responsible to and for one another.

Movies Serendipity and An Affair to Remember :: Serendipity Affair Movie Film Essays

Movies Serendipity and An Affair to Remember Can once in a lifetime happen twice? Can two people get a second chance at love? While reality more than likely suggests no, some movies would suggest otherwise. The films An Affair to Remember and Serendipity are only two examples of how society depicts romance as an exaggerated fabrication of reality only to have a negative effect on its viewers. Both films share the storyline of two lovers who separate, only hoping that fate will bring them back together As the film Serendipity begins, Sara Thomas and Jonathon Trager meet each other for the first time at Bloomingdale’s. Conversation sparked between the two when both reached for the same pair of gloves. Enjoying themselves at Bloomingdales, Sara and Jonathon decide to further their discussion at a nearby restaurant called Serendipity. Here, Jonathon realizes that he wants to see Sara again and politely asks for her phone number. Instead of just handing her number over, Sara writes in down on the inside cover of book, which she then tells him that she will sell the next day at a used bookstore. She continues to explain to Jonathon that if they are truly meant to see each other again, the book will find him. Jonathon then opens his wallet to take out a dollar bill. He writes his phone number on it and gives it to Sara, who spends it immediately. Using the same logic as before, she tells him that the dollar bill will find it’s way to her. As the years pass, the two both go on living their lives. But, Sara and Jonathon can’t seem to shake the feeling of each other. Every time Sara has a dollar bill, she always looks for a phone number and Jonathon can’t count all the used bookstores he’s been to. They both eventually meet someone new and become engaged. They wonder if these people they plan on marrying are their true soul mates. The night of Jonathon’s wedding rehearsal, he fiancà © gives him a present. Opening it slowly, he comes to realize it’s the title of the book Sara had once written her phone number in. He opens the front cover and he reads Sara’s name and number. Meanwhile, Sara is on an airplane returning home from visiting a friend. Pulling out her wallet, she discovers that she doesn’t have her wallet, but she has mistakenly taken her friend’s. Movies Serendipity and An Affair to Remember :: Serendipity Affair Movie Film Essays Movies Serendipity and An Affair to Remember Can once in a lifetime happen twice? Can two people get a second chance at love? While reality more than likely suggests no, some movies would suggest otherwise. The films An Affair to Remember and Serendipity are only two examples of how society depicts romance as an exaggerated fabrication of reality only to have a negative effect on its viewers. Both films share the storyline of two lovers who separate, only hoping that fate will bring them back together As the film Serendipity begins, Sara Thomas and Jonathon Trager meet each other for the first time at Bloomingdale’s. Conversation sparked between the two when both reached for the same pair of gloves. Enjoying themselves at Bloomingdales, Sara and Jonathon decide to further their discussion at a nearby restaurant called Serendipity. Here, Jonathon realizes that he wants to see Sara again and politely asks for her phone number. Instead of just handing her number over, Sara writes in down on the inside cover of book, which she then tells him that she will sell the next day at a used bookstore. She continues to explain to Jonathon that if they are truly meant to see each other again, the book will find him. Jonathon then opens his wallet to take out a dollar bill. He writes his phone number on it and gives it to Sara, who spends it immediately. Using the same logic as before, she tells him that the dollar bill will find it’s way to her. As the years pass, the two both go on living their lives. But, Sara and Jonathon can’t seem to shake the feeling of each other. Every time Sara has a dollar bill, she always looks for a phone number and Jonathon can’t count all the used bookstores he’s been to. They both eventually meet someone new and become engaged. They wonder if these people they plan on marrying are their true soul mates. The night of Jonathon’s wedding rehearsal, he fiancà © gives him a present. Opening it slowly, he comes to realize it’s the title of the book Sara had once written her phone number in. He opens the front cover and he reads Sara’s name and number. Meanwhile, Sara is on an airplane returning home from visiting a friend. Pulling out her wallet, she discovers that she doesn’t have her wallet, but she has mistakenly taken her friend’s.

Christopher Columbus Hero or Villan

Aysha Imtiaz Should a man whose actions created a wave of genocide and killed thousands of innocent natives be considered a hero? Christopher Columbus found the Americas, but today he takes credit for discovering a new world. Native Americans had been living in civilizations across North and South America long before Columbus had â€Å"discovered† it. This journey has now ruined many of those cultivations as well as the citizens. With his expedition, he exposed countries to new disease and violence. His greed led him to deprive America of its natives and its resources.Thirdly, he also introduced Native Americans to slavery. These horrible monstrosities should be added to Columbus's reputation, which shows him to be a villain in American history. Christopher Columbus had evil intentions from the start of his voyage when he promised to repay Ferdinand, Spanish monarch and founder of Columbus's travels, with gold, spice, and other resources. When he first arrived in what he thoug ht was Asia, he quickly gathered the natives and introduced them to slavery. What he did was wrong and he shouldn’t be celebrated.Firstly, with his expedition he exposed countries to new disease and violence. Christopher Columbus brought explorers who had disease. This caused the Native Americans to get diseases as well. He was very violent and treated them in a cruel way. The poor Native Americans were trying to share their land and Columbus didn’t want to share even though it wasn’t his land. Whatever he did was wrong, and I feel ashamed that we celebrate a person who did nothing but torture people. We should be thankful to the Native Americans for finding America and proving to be very good people unlike Christopher Columbus.Secondly, Christopher Columbus‘s greed led him to deprive America of its natives and resources. Columbus deprived the Native Americans of everything they had. He took away their land and their crops. The Native Americans showed ever ything they knew about their advice. But Christopher Columbus uses them and took away their land. He killed them and literally kicked them out of their land. The Native Americans tried to retrieve what was rightfully theirs but Columbus had too much power. He was impossible to defeat.This left them no choice but to give away their land to Christopher Columbus. Thirdly, he also introduced slavery to the Native Americans. The Native Americans worked for nobody. But ever since Christopher Columbus came to their land they knew the feeling of working with no pay. They were treated unfairly and were beaten up if they did their work incorrectly. The Native Americans had to go through so much. They were punished unnecessarily and treated like humans. We all see Christopher Columbus as a hero but he is no one other than a villain.This information has taught me that Christopher Columbus was a horrible person people like him take credit for things they haven’t done. He brought disease a nd violence to the new land. Secondly, his greed left Native Americans with nothing. He even introduced slavery to them. In my eyes Christopher is nothing but a villain, because jealousy, greed and envy won’t get you very far in life, because you’ll always discontent and unhappy about yourself, your life and the people around you. If Columbus thought about that in 1492. Maybe the Native Americans wouldn’t have gone through all that torture.

Online Marketing at Big Skinny Essay

After analyzing the case it is recommended that Big Skinny should revisit their online marketing options and prioritize what they should be concentrating on to make a good stand in online market and create a brand name. This would help them create a customer base whom they can introduce with new buying options later on. They should start with social media, interactive marketing and online distributors first. For making their online marketing campaign a success it is necessary that customers are confident of their product. Wallets are a kind of product which are best analyzed by touching and feeling the material. So the people who have already owned a big skinny wallet or have heard enough about the brand will be most confident to buy it online. So its possible that in initial days of their online market they will get large number of repeat purchases and lesser new purchases. For creating their brand value online, initially they should only use online distributors who are trusted by t he customers, like Amazon and ebay . This would also help avoid the glitches like wrong discount coupon distribution and many other losses associated with it. They should be selective when it comes to the reputation of the website which is distributing their product and make sure that customer revisits the site because of their product and not just to find some discounted deals. As they already have a huge and happy customer base they should inspire these customers to come online and promote other people to buy their product using social media. They can also introduce some kind of reward point system for regular customers to encourage them to visit their online resources and buy product form there and leave recommendations. Other ways to promote their product can be TV commercials, email promotion and online rebates etc. Now, coming to other promotion strategies which they should consider next when they have got a good online customer response. The Display advertisements only get clicked 0.1% of the time and also takes a lot of time for theirsite to be listed as top site, so they should save their money by not concentrating on this option. As far as sponsored search is considered, as indicated in their chart they are paying a high price for a phrase like â€Å"Leather wallet†, which is not even their priority and main product. I would suggest they should also use words like â€Å"best Gifts for him† â€Å"Christmas gift for dad† etc. because wallets are considered great gifts for festivities and birthda ys. Another long term suggestion to increase their customers would be to categorize items on various customer categories like, wallets for women and senior people etc. Moreover, they should also keep expanding their physical market and should contact more retail stores to sell and promote their product. They can also make a liaison with a well-established brand like Macy’s or Ralph Lauren to get a proper and famous outlet for their product.

Inconsistent Characterization in Main Street by Sinclair Lewis

Inconsistent Characterization in Main Street by Sinclair Lewis Free Online Research Papers Inconsistent Characterization in Main Street by Sinclair Lewis Sinclair Lewis uses the novel Main Street and his characters within it as a window, which reveals his inconsistent feelings about his hometown, Sauk Centre, Minnesota. Throughout the novel his characters fluctuate based on how Lewis characterizes them. Also Lewis’ characters have wavering opinions of the novels setting, Gopher Prairie based on Lewis’ conflicting opinions of his hometown. Sinclair Lewis’ characterization is inconsistent throughout the novel Main Street. This inconsistency reflects in the townspeople of Gopher Prairie, Will Kennicott, and Carol Kennicott. The Townspeople in Main Street appear inconsistent based upon how well they are characterized. The Townspeople are depicted from a highly satirized point of view. Lewis stresses and exaggerates characteristics making some characters seem overly bland while others are more realistic. Sinclair Lewis transformed ordinary likable people into monsters through his satirism, according to Dooley (69). Lewis also uses Main Street to reflect his biased viewpoint of Sauk Centre, Minnesota, the town he grew up in. As a result of his indecisive feelings towards Gopher Prairie his characters seem inconsistent. Some of his characters such as Miles Bjornstam seem more realistic than others such as Mrs. Bogart. Lewis portrays the two-dimensional townspeople from a grotesque point of view. Most of the townspeople appear as stereotypes- the town gossip, the town atheist, the town doctor, the rebellious young artist, etc. â€Å"They are,† as Dooley writes â€Å" two-dimensional figures, painted in primary colors. They have no minds, only voices; loudmouthed, breezy pioneers†¦Ã¢â‚¬  (67). Lewis used all of the townspeople as a way of portraying his mixed views of his hometown through his inconsistent characterization of them. Throughout Main Street the reader holds a shaky view of Kennicott’s personality. Kennicott is portrayed as a very basic hero at times, and also as grotesquely unrealistic as the townspeople. When Kennicott performs various medical operations for the townspeople Carol looks upon him as a hero, and when he defends Gopher Prairie he seems dull and arrogant. Although Carol feels he is heroic, she also feels that he is as provincial as the townspeople and thus the reader sympathizes with her. According to Dooley â€Å"†¦ he appears crude, loud-mouthed, and hidebound: ‘Next thing, I suppose you’ll be yapping about free speech. Free speech! There’s too much free speech and free beer and free love and all the rest of your damned mouthy freedom.. ‘ A few pages after this, he is once more presented as a sensitive and considerate person †¦Ã¢â‚¬ (71). Although Kennicott is intelligent and insightful; the reader also feels that he is unimagina tive, materialistic and rather dull. Kennicott holds a patriotic attitude towards Gopher Prairie. He defends the townspeople by saying that they are happy living as they are and that they do not need any advancements. While he defends the town on many occasions he also supports Carol in her attempts to advance the town. The reader receives mixed signals from the characterization of Will Kennicott, and therefore he appears as inconsistent as the rest of the townspeople. Carol appears inconsistent throughout the novel. Carol appears as an illogical reformer throughout her attempts to change Gopher Prairie. Dooley writes, â€Å"†¦She is impulsive, undiplomatic, and ignorant of complications.† (63). Her restless personality lends to her ideas of reform but she is easily discouraged by the towns criticisms, and also lacks the motivation to achieve results leaving the reader with the feeling that she is does not have realistic goals and in turn is not realistic herself. Carol quickly tangles herself in a love-hate relationship with the town, â€Å"She is depressed to the point of a near breakdown,† writes James Lundquist â€Å"by the dullness of its provincial life.† (36). She enjoys the beauty of the countryside and the company of Kennicott, in spite of her hatred for the townspeople and their dullness as well as the dull appearance of the town itself. Carol reveals more inward conflicts when she works in Washington D. C for two years. While she was away from Gopher Prairie she missed it greatly and felt awkward being back in the city. When she returns to the city she accepts it the way it is yet is still distressed by her past attempts to reform it and hopes her daughter will continue her attempts to renovate Gopher Prairie. Main Street is a direct reflection of Lewis’ feelings about Sauk Centre. His characterization, and how it is easily identified as inconsistent throughout the novel, gives its readers an insight as to how he feels about his hometown. His minor characters are inconsistent and two dimensional, while his two main characters, Will and Carol Kennicott are occasionally realistic, but equally inconsistent. Carol was specifically used to portray Lewis’ biased opinion of his hometown, and because she was the main character the reader sympathized with that viewpoint. Main Street’s characters are in essence Lewis’ feelings and beliefs of his hometown, Sauk Centre, resulting in their inconsistency. 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P.T. Barnum Biography

P.T. Barnum Biography P.T. Barnum, often called The Greatest Showman on Earth, built a collection of curiosities into one of the worlds most successful traveling shows. However, his exhibits were often exploitative, and had a darker side. P.T. Barnum Fast Facts Full Name: Phineas Taylor BarnumBorn: July 5, 1810 in Bethel, ConnecticutDied: April 7, 1891 in Bridgeport, ConnecticutParents: Philo Barnum and Irene TaylorSpouses: Charity Hallett (m. 1829-1873) and Nancy Fish (m. 1874-1891)Children: Frances Irena, Caroline Cornelia, Helen Maria, and Pauline Taylor.Known For: Created the modern concept of the traveling circus as grand spectacle, promoted a number of hoaxes to entertain the public, and is credited with saying Theres a sucker born every minute. Early Years Born in Bethel, Connecticut, to Philo Barnum, an innkeeper, farmer, and shop owner, and his wife Irene Taylor, young Phineas Taylor Barnum was raised in a household that embraced the rigid conservative values of the Congregational church. The sixth of ten children, Barnum greatly admired his maternal grandfather, who was not only his namesake, but also a bit of a practical joker in a community that had only a few socially permissible forms of entertainment. Academically, Barnum excelled in school subjects like math, but hated the physical labor that was demanded of him on his fathers farm. He helped Philo out by working in the shop, but when his father died in 1825, teenage Barnum liquidated the family business, and went to work for a general store in a neighboring town. A few years later, at 19, Barnum married Charity Hallett, with whom he would eventually have four children. Around the same time, he began dabbling in investments in unusual speculation schemes, and was particularly interested promoting entertainment for the masses. Barnum believed that if he could only find one truly amazing thing to exhibit, he could be a success- as long as the crowd believed theyd gotten their moneys worth. Somewhere around 1835, a man walked into Barnums general store, knowing of Barnums interest in the odd and fantastic, and offered to sell him a curiosity. According to Gregg Mangan of Connecticut History, Joice Heth, an African American woman alleged to be 161 years old and former nurse to founding father George Washington, drew crowds of curious onlookers willing to pay for the chance to hear her speak and even sing. Barnum jumped at the opportunity to market her performances. P.T. Barnum got his start as a showman by purchasing a blind, nearly paralyzed, elderly African American woman for $1,000 and then working her for ten hours a day. He marketed her as the oldest woman alive, and she died less than a year later. Barnum charged spectators to view her autopsy, at which it was announced that she was no more than 80 years old. The Greatest Showman on Earth After exploiting Heth and marketing her as a curiosity, Barnum learned in 1841 that Scudder’s American Museum was for sale. Scudders, located on Broadway in New York City, housed a collection of some $50,000 worth of relics and rare curiosities, so Barnum pounced on the opportunity. He rebranded Scudders as Barnums American Museum, filled it with the oddest things he could find, and blasted the American public with his extravagant showmanship. Although he is credited with saying Theres a sucker born every minute, theres no evidence that these words came from Barnum; what he did say was the American people liked to be humbugged.† Barnums particular brand of humbuggery included marketing exotic, imported animals displayed alongside fakes. There was the so-called Feejee Mermaid, which was a monkeys head sewn onto the body of a large fish, and a giant, working replica of Niagara Falls. In addition, he created his traveling freak show, using real people as exhibits, and often creating elaborate, false backstories to make them seem more exciting to the crowds. In 1842, he met Charles Stratton, a four-year-old boy from Bridgeport, who was unusually small at just 25 tall. Barnum marketed the child to audiences as General Tom Thumb, an eleven-year-old entertainer from England. Barnums traveling spectacle gained momentum with the addition of Stratton, who was drinking wine and smoking cigars by the age of five, as well as Native American dancers, Salvadoran children who were marketed as Aztecs, and a number of people of African descent whose exhibits were rooted in racial prejudices of the time. Barnum took his show to Europe, where they played to Queen Victoria and other members of royalty. Barnum with Charles Stratton, who used the stage name Tom Thumb. Bettmann   / Getty Images In 1850, Barnum managed to convince Jenny Lind, the Swedish Nightingale to come perform in New York. Lind, who was devout and a philanthropist, demanded her $150,000 fee in advance so she could use it to fund education programs in Sweden. Barnum went heavily into debt to pay Linds fees, but made the money back fairly early into her successful tour. Barnums promotion and marketing was so overwhelming that Lind eventually opted out of her contract, the two parted ways amicably, and both made a lot of money. The Darker Side of the Show Although Barnum is often portrayed as a delightful showman, much of his success was rooted in the exploitation of others. In addition to Stratton and Heth, Barnum profited from exhibiting a number of other individuals as human curiosities. William Henry Johnson was introduced to Barnums audiences as the man-monkey, found in the wilds of Africa. Johnson, an African American who suffered from microcephaly, was born to poor parents who were former slaves, and who allowed a local circus to display Johnson and his unusually small cranium for money. When his agent got him a role with Barnum, his fame skyrocketed. Barnum dressed him in furs and renamed him Zip the Pinhead, and billed him as the What is It? Barnum claimed Johnson as a missing link between civilized people and a naked race of men, traveling about by climbing on tree branches. A woman holds conjoined twins who were part of Barnums exhibit. Hulton Collection / Deutsch / Getty Images Annie Jones, the Bearded Lady, was another of Barnums most popular sideshows. Barnell had facial hair from the time she was an infant, and as a toddler, her parents sold her to Barnum as the Infant Esau, a reference to the Biblical figure known for an impressive beard. Jones ended up staying with Barnum for most of her life, and became one of the most successful bearded lady performers of all time. Isaac Sprague, the human skeleton, had an unusual condition in which his muscles atrophied, worked for Barnum several times through his adult life. Chang and Eng Bunker, well-known today as conjoined twins, had been circus performers earlier in their lives, and came out of retirement in North Carolina to join Barnum as a special exhibit. Prince Randian, the living torso, was brought to the U.S. by Barnum at age 18, and demonstrated amazing feats for audiences who wanted to see a man with no limbs do things like roll a cigarette or shave his own face. In addition to these types of acts, Barnum hired giants, dwarves, conjoined infants, people with extra and missing limbs, and several physically and mentally disabled individuals as exhibits for his audiences. He also regularly produced and promoted blackface minstrel shows. Legacy P.T. Barnum Monument, Bridgeport, Connecticut, circa 1962. Archive Photos / Getty Images Although Barnum built his success on promoting the freak show, which was rooted in the fears and prejudices of nineteenth century audiences, it appears that later in life he had a slight change of perspective. In the years prior to the Civil War, Barnum campaigned for public office and ran on an anti-slavery platform. He admitted to having engaged in the purchase and sale of slaves, and to having physically abused his slaves, and expressed regret for his actions. Later, he became a philanthropist, and donated a large sum of money to Tufts University for the establishment of a biology and natural history museum. Barnum died in 1891. The show hed founded had merged with James Baileys traveling circus ten years prior, forming Barnum Baileys Circus, and was eventually sold to Ringling Brothers, nearly two decades after his death. The city of Bridgeport, Connecticut, honored Barnum with a statue in his memory, and held a six-week Barnum Festival every year. Today, the Barnum Museum in Bridgeport houses over 1,200 of the curiosities that traveled around the country with Barnums show. Sources â€Å"About P.T. Barnum.†Ã‚  The Barnum Museum, barnum-museum.org/about/about-p-t-barnum/.Barnum, P. T./ Mihm, Stephen (EDT).  The Life of P. T. Barnum, Written by Himself: With Related Documents. Macmillan Higher Education, 2017.Cunningham, Sean, and Sean Cunningham. â€Å"P.T. Barnums Most Famous Freaks.†Ã‚  InsideHook, 21 Dec. 2017, www.insidehook.com/article/history/p-t-barnums-famous-freaks.Flatley, Helen. â€Å"The Darker Side of How P.T. Barnum Became ‘The Greatest Showman.’†Ã‚  The Vintage News, 6 Jan. 2019, www.thevintagenews.com/2019/01/06/greatest-showman/.Mansky, Jackie. â€Å"P.T. Barnum Isnt the Hero the ‘Greatest Showman’ Wants You to Think.†Ã‚  Smithsonian.com, Smithsonian Institution, 22 Dec. 2017, www.smithsonianmag.com/history/true-story-pt-barnum-greatest-humbug-them-all-180967634/.

Business Report Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Business Report - Essay Example at the inspection exercise is successful, and assists the organization to offer superior products and services which will effectively and efficiently meet the needs of the customers. The rapidly growing population of people in Mount Union University, and surrounding areas, has lead to the increased demand of food services. Even though the demand for the food services is high, stakeholders of Mount Union University have a common agreement that the quality should never be compromised. These stakeholders include; the local authority, the universities administration, ministry in charge of public health and nutrition, local residents association, and the students body. Therefore, there is need to expand the capacity of major food services provider in the region like the AVI Food Systems Inc. There is also need to ensure that the food services providers meet the expected health, safety and quality standards. Meeting these standards will lead to customer satisfaction, in addition to health and nutritional benefits. The purpose of site inspection at AVI Food Systems Inc entails six main areas. Firstly, the capacity of the facility to expand should be described. This will ensure that the facilities accommodate more customers in future. Secondly, the health standards of the site should be enhanced further. This entails putting in place superior waste management facilities and practices. High standards of cleanliness should further be maintained. This will ensure adherence to proper public health requirements. Thirdly, the increased customer number calls for enhanced safety within the premises of AVI Food Systems Inc. This entails provision of safety equipment and programs. Fourth, the quality of food should be improved, to ensure satisfaction of the swelling customer numbers. Fifth, an effective Restaurant information System should be installed to ensure effective communication between customers and the facility’s staffs. Lastly, the staffs of AVI Food System Inc should

Emotional and Physical Symptoms of Depression during Pregnancy And Research Paper

Emotional and Physical Symptoms of Depression during Pregnancy And Different Ways of Treatment - Research Paper Example While most pregnant mothers use antidepressants to manage prenatal and postnatal depression, this study proposes other significant measures that can do better that antidepressants. The method for this research is a mixed method approach. The qualitative part of the study is observation and interviews while the quantitative part is considering the number of patients presenting symptoms in different health centers for a period of one year. Statistical analysis of the data obtained would help in determining the prevalence of depression in pregnancy. There is evidence suggesting that women have a higher prevalence of suffering fro depression during pregnancy. The fact that this presents adverse effects to the mothers places emphasis on the need for addressing the issue. Cases of pregnant mothers suffering from depression and stress are likely to reduce in the events of increased awareness on the contributing factors of stress and the necessary measures to curb them. In order to solve this, the health sector should find appropriate treatment for pregnancy depression. Pregnancy depression refers to a mental situation of pregnant mothers, whereby they are sad and feel they do not want to do anything. The present research paper will aid in highlighting the common symptoms of pregnancy depression and the appropriate treatment measures that pregnant mothers should take into account to address this problem. Accordinmg to the World Health Organization, pregnancy depression is currently an epidemic affecting many mothers across the world. Most pregnant mothers are highly affected by prenatal and postnatal depression. Since pregnancy depression is not â€Å"protective†, adequate treatment is necessary for pregnant mothers. Most pregnant mothers do not understand the necessary appropriate measure to address this issue and therefore, this field needs further research to educate mothers on how to cope with such

What is the American Dream and is it still alive today Essay

What is the American Dream and is it still alive today - Essay Example What is the American dream and is it still alive today essay examines the American dream with a focus on whether people have abandoned the dream to pursue their personal self-interests. If the American dream is still present and alive, does it still hold for all Americans? This is the question that ardent followers of the American philosophy want conclusive answers. Currently, the question that lingers in the minds of most American citizens is whether they are still able to achieve this dream. Due to the American dream essay, America is a country that prides in economic mobility where chances for equal opportunities for success are possible, but, whether every single individual can succeed remains an unsolved puzzle. The hurting reality is that inasmuch as statistics show that 84% of people out-earn their parents and that the poorest Americans are better off than they used to, it’s still not easy to move from one social class to another. The rich people do all they can to consolidate their riches while the poor remains in their class. Class mobility is not very much easy in America compared to its neighbor Canada and another country like Britain. It is projected that an increase in one’s income may not necessarily prompt a shift in class since the gap between the rich and the poor is too wide. Even though movement across one class seems hard, there is one solution that has been seen to enable people move up their social class.

The Reign Of Charlemagne

The Reign Of Charlemagne Why Was The Reign Of Charlemagne So Important In The Development Of The Early Medieval Monarchy? Charlemagne or Charles the Great was born on the 2 April 748 AD, the son of Pippin; the King of the Franks. At the time of his accession, the Frankish kingdom was already the most important power in Europe. However, that power and prestige was increased greatly by Charlemagne during his reign, in which he came to rule the vast majority of Western Europe. Charlemagnes power and prestige culminated on Christmas Day 800, when he was crowned Imperial Emperor by Pope Leo III. This act was incredibly significant as it founded the empire that would be known as the Holy Roman Empire, an empire that lasted for over a thousand years. As a result of the immense power Charlemagne had, he has been often been referred to as the ‘father of Europe. Ultimately, Charlemagne was the founding father of the French and German monarchies, a key player in the spread of Christianity throughout Western Europe, and ruled over an empire, the likes of which had not been seen since the Roman era. Charlemagne instigated various administrative reforms throughout his empire that were key in the development of the early medieval monarchy. One of Charlemagnes foremost concerns was maintaining unity within his empire. In 802, two years after his imperial coronation, Charlemagne required the entire population of the realm to swear an oath of loyalty; all people were expected to keep Gods commandments, to respect all the emperors possessions, to acknowledge his protection over the churches and the weak, especially widows and orphans, and finally to obey imperial commands. He Charlemagnes demands of loyalty were a way of exerting a manner of control and authority over a vast empire. Furthermore, the same year as Charlemagne introduced the oath of loyalty, he also set about bringing in new legislative reforms, which are seen as being key in the development of the early medieval monarchy. For the first time in history a king wrote down the laws of his kingdom. Charlemagne recorded the laws of the Frankish, Frisian, Saxon and Thuringian people. He also corrected the ‘defective laws of his people, rewriting and removing laws he deemed to be vicious and useless, and adding to them where it was needed. Certainly this was a key reform, as it enabled law to have a more central authority, and aided the spread of the knowledge of law within the empire, fundamentally, what was right and wrong. To a certain extent, he allowed for differences on law, within the provinces of his empire. However, Frankish law certainly had its influence throughout the region. Furthermore Charlemagne required that all leading members of society within each province hear their laws read al oud in their own language. Thus, aiding the implementation of law enforcement throughout the Frankish empire. Charlemagne sought a more civilised empire, founded on Christian values, and one of his key concerns was not only lowering rates of crime but also a move away from the more personalised ‘taking the law into their own hands way of dealing with criminals that had existed for hundreds of years, to a more structured system of law enforcement and criminal punishment. Charlemagne introduced legal cases and a judicial system within each district that consisted of a count passing judgement and delivering sentences. This movement was a key component of the development of early medieval monarchy, as both the French and German monarchies, after the collapse of the Frankish empire, followed this more structured judicial system, and it could be argued that Charlemagne founded the beginnings of a judicial system, the likes of which are in existence in western civilisation today. Furthermore; Charlemagne established the office of the so called reprimandary witnesses who were required to bring crimes to the attention of the court if the victims did not do so themselves Thus, Charlemagne took it upon himself to enforce justice within his empire, and by establishing these offices his aim was to see the criminal members of society reap the rewards of their actions, even if victims themselves did not desire to carry the criminals actions forwards. However, such matters are not as black and white as Charlemagne imagined them to be, and it is debatable as to what extent Charlemagne was able to fulfil his goal. Nonetheless Charlemagnes judiciary reforms were key in the development of early medieval monarchy as many monarchs sought inspiration from Charlemagnes founding judicial system basis, and they also encouraged a more civilised society in the early medieval ages. Charlemagne certainly sought to improve the administration of the empire as a whole, reforming various aspects of administration. One of his reforms related to his persistent aim of exerting a greater level of control over his empire. He established middle authorities in each region, to oversee local officials. Thus, in a sense Charlemagne inaugurated a form of local government. However, he amended this system over the years, he grew distrustful of those he had sent to oversee, as he believed them to be open to bribery. Hence, he instead chose archbishops, dukes, and abbots; generally members of high nobility, whom he did not believe to be open to bribery. It can be said that a key theme of Charlemagnes reign was justice. Charlemagne wanted it not only for himself but also for every loyal subject of his empire, as exhibited through his judiciary reforms and distaste for subjects whom used their positions for their own selfish benefits. In Einhards Vita Karoli Magni or Life of Charlemagne, Einhard states how Charlemagne also made reforms relating to the language of the Franks; ‘He began a grammar of his native language and the history of his people; ‘he had the old rude songs that celebrate the deeds and wars of the ancient kings written out for transmission to posterity. Thus Charlemagne was keen to preserve the history of the ancient kings. Furthermore; Charlemagne had an important role in determining the immediate economic future of Europe. He got rid of the gold currency and implemented a new silver currency. Additionally, Charlemagne standardised currency throughout most of Europe, abolishing many of the local currencies in existence. This monetary standard remained the basis for the currency for a long time. Hence, Charlemagne instigated economic reforms that were key to the development of the early medieval monarchy as he standardised currency throughout Europe, and implemented changes that remained in place in Europe for a very long time. The Carolingian renaissance is also believed to be a requisite to the development of the early medieval monarchy. Similar to the renaissance that occurred in the early modern period, it was characterised by the re discovery of ancient roman works, the flourishing of art and literature. Charlemagne was a very keen advocate of education, even returning to education himself, although he never learnt to write. He did however study grammar, logic and astronomy. Furthermore, some of the earliest manuscripts still in survival today are from the Carolingian era.Charlemagne also introduced the use of the classical Latin language as the language of scholarly study ‘Thus, the West saw the development of a pure language, which was used almost exclusively by the learned, and from which the romance languages grew increasingly distinct Hence, he increased the availability of education within his realm, increasing monastic schools. Therefore, Charlemagnes keenness for education was important t o the development of the early medieval monarchy as it lead to a period of greater emphasis on education, a pattern that following monarchs were keen to emulate, and ultimately led to a greater number of educated persons within western civilisation. Charlemagnes reforms influenced nearly every corner of society, including the Church. Charlemagne was an extremely pious man and sought to be the ideal embodiment of both a Christian man and King. Charlemagne asked the Pope to send him texts on church law. This Dionysio-Hadriana was used enthusiastically in the Frankish kingdom. By doing this Charlemagne encouraged future monarchs to take a more scholarly than blind approach to the Church. Charlemagne was also very interested in Church music and encouraged the spread of proper church liturgies throughout his empire, taking a personal interest in papal music, and banning melodies such as those found in Milan. Charlemagne also introduced changes to the organisation of the military service. Obligation to military service of the empire was based upon personal wealth and Charlemagne instigated reforms that would make it fair for those obliged to join the military, based on the individuals wealth. Charlemagne ordered that every tenant with three to five so-called hides (homesteads), as well as the holders of fiefs, were required to serve against the enemy. Many monarchs followed these reforms in the early medieval period. In conclusion, Charlemagne was certainly a founding father of Europe. He strove to implement justice in his empire and he instigated reforms in almost every important aspect of early medieval society. Charlemagnes reign was a period of change for Western Civilisation. However, it is foolish to assume that all these reforms were greatly successful, as not all were, for example Charlemagnes judicial reforms. However, early medieval monarchs followed Charlemagnes reforms, as they were eager to reach the level of power and prestige, which Charlemagne had possessed, Charlemagnes reign saw the emergence of Western civilisation, a civilisation that moved away in terms of religion, currency and thought from the East. Furthermore, Charlemagne made it easier for other early medieval monarchs to govern and handle their kingdoms, for example his judicial reforms made law enforcement an easier task for future monarchs, as he had recorded laws in a written form and implemented a sort of court syst em throughout his empire. Ultimately Charlemagnes reign was not only very important in the development of early medieval monarchy, but also important in the development and advancement of western civilisation. His reign has no doubt affected the world in which we live today. Bibliography Matthias Becher, Charlemagne (London 2nd Ed, 2003) Einhard, The Life of Charlemagne, translated by Samuel Epes Turner, (New York, 1880) ‘Charlemagne, Wikipedia, http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Charlemagne Matthias Becher, Charlemagne (London 2nd Ed, 2003) p. 19 Matthias Becher, Charlemagne (London 2nd Ed, 2003) p. 99 Matthias Becher, Charlemagne (London 2nd Ed, 2003) p.100 Matthias Becher, Charlemagne (London 2nd Ed, 2003) p.105 Einhard, The Life of Charlemagne, translated by Samuel Epes Turner, (New York, 1880) p.11 Matthias Becher, Charlemagne (London 2nd Ed, 2003 p.106 Matthias Becher, Charlemagne (London 2nd Ed, 2003 p.106 Matthias Becher, Charlemagne (London 2nd Ed, 2003 p.108 Matthias Becher, Charlemagne (London 2nd Ed, 2003 p.108 Einhard, The Life of Charlemagne, translated by Samuel Epes Turner, (New York, 1880) p.11 Einhard, The Life of Charlemagne, translated by Samuel Epes Turner, (New York, 1880) p.11 ‘Charlemagne, Wikipedia, http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Charlemagne [accessed 31 August 2009] Matthias Becher, Charlemagne (London 2nd Ed, 2003 p. 112 ‘Charlemagne, Wikipedia, http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Charlemagne [accessed 31 August 2009] Matthias Becher, Charlemagne (London 2nd Ed, 2003 p.116 Matthias Becher, Charlemagne (London 2nd Ed, 2003 p.115 Matthias Becher, Charlemagne (London 2nd Ed, 2003 p.113